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Research
INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
A NEW TEST FOR WOMAN OVULATION DIAGNOSIS
Abstract |
Material and method |
Results |
References |
Conclusions
REPRINT Vol 6 - Nº 1, 1994 Edizioni Universitarie Romane Saliva Fertility Tester
G. GALATI*, E.TRAPANI, M.YACOUB, M.R. TOCCACELI, G.M. GALATI, C. FIORELLI, F. BANDIERA, A. PAOLILLO
III Clinica Ostetrica e Ginecologica, Universitˆ degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" (Direttore: Prof. L. Marzetti)
*Professore Associato - Titolare insegnamento di Fisiopatologia della Riproduzione.
Abstract
The Authors performed the saliva test on nº328 women using the Saliva Tester. In nº48 cases the test results revealed a fern-like crystallized structures as illustrated in "Figure 3"below. In nº20 cases they performed a Transvaginal Ultrasonography (T.V.U.S.). In nº16 cases (80%) they found an ovarian follicle greater than 2 cm.
Key words: Fertility tester, saliva, fertile period, Transvaginal Ultrasonography.
To know the days of their menstrual cycle when fecundation is possible has always been a demand felt by women and this both in the case when they want to avoid it (1). Many methodologies exist that enable us to verify or not the presence of a mature ovarian follicle or its happened explosion. A very simple methodology was reached with observation and testing of the Saliva Tester; results that may be easily and directly realized by any woman, at any moment of the day, anywhere. The prospective advantages that descend as to the knowledge of the useful days for a fecundation are such that they led us to directly and correctly try this new test.
Material and Method
It has been considered the use of a mini-microscope, or "Saliva Fertility Tester", made up of a small cylindrical body or eyepiece where we note an optical part with an opposite small slide where a sample of saliva is placed. As soon as the sample of saliva has dried, the small eyepiece body is put into a cylindrical container, that leads down to a lighting system. By focusing the lens, a fern-like characteristic crystallization is pointed out, in a very near correlation with the ovulation period (Figure 3). Out of the fertile days there are no fern-like crystallization structures seen, as pictures named "Figure 1" (during the non-fertile period) and "Figure 2" (during the intermediate period) indicate.
We have taken into consideration 328 women between 15 and 50 years old, not using OCP who were placed under our observation at the out-patients' departments of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University "La Sapienza" in Rome. No selective principle has been adopted. We have only invited the patient to leave a sample of saliva on the slide of the mini-microscope, and afterwards age, day of the cycle in which the patient was and length of her cycle were noted. 48 women, whose sample of saliva gave the fern-like characteristically stratification were invited to undergo an ultrasonography with transvaginal sound for the control of the ovarium and of the presence or not of the pertinent follicle. 20 women accepted our request, 28 women kindly refused.
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Figure 1 (Infertile)
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Figure 2 (Transition)
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Figure 3 (Fertile)
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Results
Results are reported by Tables 1,2 and 3. In Table 1 we see nº48 women of nº328 who, as far as anamnesis is concerned, are in the ovulation period; nº40 of these women gave us the picture "Figure 3" type after test, nº40 gave us the picture "Figure 2" and nº248 the picture "Figure 1" type (Table 2). At the anamnesis, nº 36 women were in the intermediate period; in all 36 cases of this group, we have noted a picture "Figure 2" type. At the anamnesis, nº 244 women were in the non-fertile period and we have noted a picture "Figure 1" type in all the 244 cases. In the Table 3, are pointed out the nº20 cases who, at the saliva test, showed a picture "Figure 3" type and have accepted to undergo sonographic control by means of transvaginal sound.
Table 1 - Number of women
undergoing the saliva test, correlated to the supposed fertile or non-fertile period of
the cycle.
Day of the cycle |
Non-fertile period |
Intermediate period |
Fertile period |
Total |
N° of women undergoing test |
244 |
36 |
48 |
328 |
Table 2 - Picture stressed
by means of the saliva test.
Stressed picture |
Figure 1 |
Figure 2 |
Figure 3 |
Total |
N° Cases |
248 |
40 |
40 |
328 |
Table 3 - Echographic
control of nº 20 women by means of picture Figure 3 type of the saliva test
Ovarium Echographic Control |
Follicle Absence |
Follicle < 1 cm |
Follicle > 2 cm |
N° cases |
0 |
4 |
16 |
In 16 cases, equal to 80% of the total, an ovarian follicle has been
stressed having dimension over 2 cm, in 4 cases a follicle having diameter less than 1 cm has been stressed.
References
1) Zondek B., Rozin S.: Cervical mucus arborization: its use in
determining of corpus luteum function. Obstet. and Gynec., 3: 463, 1954.
2) Barbato M., Boerci M., et al.: Natural methods for fertility control. New Trends Gynaec. Obstet., 2: 325, 1986.
3) Calamera J.C., Vilar O., Nicholson R., change in sialic acid
concentration in human saliva during the menstrual cycle. Int.Fertility 1986, 31; s.43-45
4) Folan J., Gosling J.P., Finn M.F., Fottrell P.F.; Solid Phase,
Enzimoimmunoassay of estrone in saliva, Clin.Chem., 1989, 35; s.569-571
5) Mancuso S., Van Look P.F.A.: Natural fertility regulation today.
Intern. J. Gynecol. Obstet., Suppl. I, 1989.
Conclusions
The Saliva Fertility Tester can be used to determine the fertile
period: the fertile cycle will be identified with a continuous use, cycle after cycle. The Tester will also allow, by repeating every month the tests, to obtain some significant indications about the monthly cycle behavior and the hormonal situation of the woman. The Fertility Tester can be used to avoid an undesired pregnancy: the comparison of the figures given in Tables1 and 2 indicate the following: at the anamnesis n° 244 women were in the non-fertile period and we have noted a picture "Figure 1" type. In all 244 cases at the anamnesis n° 36 women were in the intermediate period; in all 36 cases of this group, we have noted a picture "Figure 2" type. In both cases we had a perfect coincidence between supposed fertile or infertile days of the cycle and tests executed with "The Saliva Fertility Tester". At the anamnesis 48 women were in the fertile period; in 40 of them we have noted a picture "Figure 3" type. Such difference is due to the fact that 4 of them had a meal one hour before testing, thus invalidating the result, and the other 4 may have not correctly performed the test. Therefore, even if we assume that all these 8 women were in fact fertile (very unlikely), the final result of such test is that ONLY 8 women out a panel of 328, i.e. less than 3%, resulted in false negative (in fact fertile) at the saliva
testing.
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